One of the main advantages of the discrete approach as defined by Itasca (PFC) is that it allows to accurately reproduce the size distribution, the grain shape (rounded, angular, or elongated), the mineralogical composition, as well as the mechanical and thermal properties of each mineral.

Thanks to this accurate description, it is possible to study the maximum compaction of a granular packing or the agglomeration of a powder under vibration/compression, to reproduce a real fibrous structure obtained from 3D tomographic images or the microstructure of composite materials. The relationship between the microstructure and target macroproperties—such as mechanical strength under various loadings (compression, tension, bending test), permeability, or electrical resistivity— can thereafter be investigated, and optimizations proposed.